Optimization

The process of finding the best parameters for a model to minimize error or maximize performance.

Longer Definition: Optimization algorithms adjust model parameters to minimize the loss function. This involves navigating high-dimensional parameter spaces to find configurations that produce the best performance on the given task.

Examples: Gradient descent, Adam optimizer, RMSprop, genetic algorithms, particle swarm optimization.

Challenges

Getting stuck in local minima, choosing appropriate learning rates, handling noisy gradients, computational efficiency, and balancing exploration vs exploitation.